अपनी Lab Report कैसे पढ़ें — LFT, CBC, Ultrasound Explained
Report देखकर घबराहट होती है — numbers, abbreviations, 'abnormal' flags। Dr. Akhilesh Yadav — Orchid Medical Centre, Ranchi — इस guide में explain करते हैं कि common GI/liver reports कैसे पढ़ें — और कब worry करनी है, कब नहीं।
LFT (Liver Function Test) — क्या देखें
SGPT (ALT) — Liver cell damage indicator।
Normal: <40 U/L।
40-200: mild elevation — fatty liver, medicines, alcohol।
>200: significant damage — hepatitis, acute liver injury।
SGOT (AST) — Similar to SGPT।
High SGOT + SGOT:SGPT >2:1 ratio — alcohol-related liver disease suspect।
Bilirubin (total) — Jaundice marker।
Normal: <1 mg/dL।
>2.5 = clinical jaundice।
Albumin — Liver synthetic function।
Normal: 3.5-5 g/dL।
<3 = poor liver function (cirrhosis)।
ALP/GGT — bile duct blockage markers।
High ALP + GGT — obstructive cause (gallstone, cholestasis)।
CBC (Complete Blood Count) — Key Numbers
Hemoglobin — Normal: men 13-17, women 12-15 g/dL।
Low = anemia — causes: blood loss (GI bleeding), nutritional deficiency, chronic disease।
Platelets — Normal: 1.5-4.5 lakh/µL।
Low platelets (<1 lakh) + liver disease = portal hypertension, cirrhosis।
WBC (White Blood Cells) — High = infection।
Low = severe liver disease, bone marrow issue।
MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume) — High MCV = B12/folate deficiency या alcohol use।
Ultrasound Abdomen — Common Findings
Liver size: normal 12-15 cm।
Enlarged (hepatomegaly): fatty liver, hepatitis, tumor।
Liver echogenicity: Bright/echogenic = fatty liver।
Coarse echotexture = cirrhosis।
Nodular surface = cirrhosis।
Gallbladder: Stones (acoustic shadow), polyps (no shadow), wall thickening।
Bile duct: Dilated CBD (>6mm) = obstruction — stone, tumor? Spleen: Enlarged (>12cm) = portal hypertension।
Ascites: Free fluid = cirrhosis, infection, cancer।
Kidneys: Incidental findings common।
Endoscopy Report — Terminology
Gastritis: Stomach lining inflammation — H. Pylori करता है mostly।
Esophagitis: Esophagus inflammation — GERD से।
Hiatus Hernia: Stomach का chest में herniation — common finding, mostly innocent।
Erosions: Superficial mucosal damage — NSAIDs, H. Pylori।
Peptic Ulcer: Deep mucosal break — H. Pylori (80%)।
Barrett's Esophagus: Precancerous change — GERD से।
Biopsy taken: Lab में tissue examine — H. Pylori test, cancer rule out।
कब Report को Urgent मानें
Immediate concern — इन findings पर Dr. Akhilesh Yadav से same day/next day मिलें: Bilirubin >5 mg/dL + fever।
SGPT >500 (acute liver injury)।
Platelet <50,000 (bleeding risk)।
Ultrasound: liver mass/nodule।
Endoscopy: varices (नसें) — bleeding risk।
Colonoscopy: polyp या mass।
Moderate concern — 1 हफ्ते में follow-up: SGPT 50-200 (persistent)।
Low hemoglobin (<10 g/dL)।
Mildly dilated bile duct।
Report के numbers खुद interpret करके treatment न लें — especially antibiotics, steroids, या liver supplements। एक test abnormal होना हमेशा disease नहीं होता — context ज़रूरी है। Dr. Akhilesh Yadav से ज़रूर मिलें।
अपनी report समझनी है? WhatsApp करें: +91 74919 25047 या OPD आएं — Orchid Medical Centre, HB Road, Ranchi।
WhatsApp: +91 74919 25047 →Guide Author
Dr. Akhilesh Yadav
MBBS, MD, DM (Gastroenterology)
Gastroenterology · Orchid Medical Centre, Ranchi
Disclaimer: This guide is for general educational purposes only and does not replace individual medical advice. Always consult Dr. Akhilesh Yadav or a qualified physician for your specific case.
About Dr. Akhilesh →